South Park is an Canadian American multimedia adult animated comedy franchise created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone. It is based on the television series of the same name, developed by Brian Graden for Comedy Central.
Television media[]
Television pilot[]
:Main article: South Park (pilot)
The pilot takes place before the events of the very first south park episode "Cartman Gets an Anal Probe" where Cartman is abducted by aliens, who give him an anal probe. The aliens also kidnap Ike when Kyle abandons him at the bus stop, and he must get him back. Meanwhile, Stan has a date with Wendy.
Luckily the Unaired Pilot was never aired on television but it was released onto DVD in 2003 via The Complete Second Season as a bonus for those who pre-ordered the set from Best Buy. It was made in the summer of 1996 and completed in November.
Television series[]
- Main article: South Park
South Park is an Canadian American adult animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone and developed by Brian Graden for the Comedy Central television network. The show revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their bizarre adventures in and around the titular Colorado town. Much like The Simpsons, South Park uses a very large ensemble cast of recurring characters and became infamous for its profanity and dark, surreal humor that satirizes a wide range of topics towards a mature audience.
The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation, leading to all subsequent episodes being produced with computer animation that emulated the cutout technique. Parker and Stone perform most of the voice acting for the show's male characters. Since 2000, each episode has typically been written and produced in the week preceding its broadcast, with Parker serving as the primary writer and director. There have been a total of South Park episodes over the course of the show's 23 seasons. The show's twenty-third season premiered on September 25, 2019. A special aired on September 30, 2020.
Other media[]
Films[]
Theatrical film[]
- Main article: South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut
In June 1999, less than two years after the series first aired, a feature-length film was released domestically by Paramount Pictures, with Warner Bros. handling international distribution. The film, a musical comedy, was directed by Parker, who co-wrote the script with Stone and Pam Brady. The film was generally well received by critics,[1] and earned a combined US$83.1 million at the domestic and foreign box office.[2] The film satirizes the controversy surrounding the show itself and gained a spot in the 2001 edition of Guinness World Records for "Most Swearing in an Animated Film".[3] The song "Blame Canada" from the film's soundtrack earned song co-writers Parker and Marc Shaiman an Academy Award nomination for Best Music, Original Song.[4]
Imaginationland: The Movie was released direct-to-video in 2008 and features the three episodes from the 11th season (Imaginationland I, Imaginationland II, and Imaginationland III) merged into a compilation film.[5]
Parker and Stone said in a 2008 interview that a theatrically released sequel would most likely be what concludes the series.[6] In 2011, when asked on the official South Park website whether a sequel would be made, they said "the first South Park movie was so potent, we're all still recovering from the blow. Unfortunately, at the current moment, there are no plans for a second South Park movie. But you never know what the future may bring, crazier things have happened..."[7] In 2011, Time called South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut the sixth greatest animated feature of all time.[8] In 2013, Warner Bros. relinquished to Paramount its rights to co-finance a potential future South Park film during their negotiations to co-finance the Christopher Nolan science fiction film Interstellar. Previous efforts to create a second South Park film were complicated due to both studios retaining certain rights to the property. The deal mentioned that Paramount had the next five years to develop another film or else Warner Bros. regains the rights. It never came to be so Warner Bros. continues to share them with Paramount.[9]
Paramount+ films[]
On August 5, 2021, it was announced that 14 new original movies based on the series were greenlit at Paramount+, with two new movies being released yearly starting in 2021 with South Park: Post Covid.[10]
Shorts and sketches[]
As a tribute to the Dead Parrot sketch, a short that features Cartman attempting to return a dead Kenny to a shop run by Kyle aired during a 1999 BBC television special commemorating the 30th anniversary of Monty Python's Flying Circus.[11] South Park parodied Scientology in a short that aired as part of the 2000 MTV Movie Awards. The short was entitled "The Gauntlet" and also poked fun at John Travolta, a Scientologist.[12][13] The four main characters were featured in the documentary film The Aristocrats, listening to Cartman tell his version of the film's titular joke.[14] Short clips of Cartman introducing the starting lineup for the University of Colorado football team were featured during ABC's coverage of the 2007 matchup between the University of Colorado and the University of Nebraska.[15] In 2008, Parker, as Cartman, gave answers to a Proust Questionnaire conducted by Julie Rovner of NPR.[16] The Snakes & Arrows Tour for Rush in 2007 used an intro from Cartman, Stan, Kyle, and Kenny preceding "Tom Sawyer".[17] As Parker, Stone and producer Frank Agnone are Los Angeles Kings fans, special South Park pre-game videos have been featured at Kings home games at Staples Center,[18] and the club even sent the Stanley Cup to visit South Park Studios after winning the 2012 finals.[19] Parker and Stone have also created Denver Broncos and Denver Nuggets-themed shorts, featuring Cartman, for home games at Pepsi Center.
Title | Release date | Availability | Summary |
---|---|---|---|
The Spirit of Christmas: "Jesus vs. Frosty" | December 8th, 1992 | N/A | The idea for South Park originated in 1992 when Trey Parker and Matt Stone, students at the University of Colorado, met in a film class. The two created a low-budget, crudely made, Christmas-related animated short, often called "Jesus vs. Frosty". The film featured prototypes of the main characters of South Park, including Cartman, Stan, Kyle and Kenny.[20] |
The Spirit of Christmas: "Jesus vs. Santa" | December 1st, 1995 | The Hits: Volume 1[21][22] | After Fox Broadcasting Company executive Brian Graden saw "Jesus vs. Frosty", he commissioned Parker and Stone to create a second short film that he could send to his friends as a video Christmas card in 1995. This was titled The Spirit of Christmas, also known as "Jesus vs. Santa", and it resembled the style of the later series more closely.[23] The video was popular and widely shared, both by duplication and over the internet, and eventually led to the series. |
Magic: The Gathering promotional bumper | February 5th, 1997 | N/A | A message shown on Comedy Central, promoting the trading card game Magic: The Gathering. |
Cable ACE Awards 1997 | November 14th, 1997 | N/A | A short created for the CableACE Awards of 1997. |
A South Park Thanksgiving | November 20th, 1997 [24] | The Complete First Season[25][26] | A Thanksgiving-themed short, featuring talk show host Jay Leno, produced for The Tonight Show with Jay Leno.[24] |
O Holy Night | December 18th, 1997 | The Complete First Season | Eric Cartman tries to sing O Holy Night. Whenever he forgets the words, Kyle pokes him with a cattle prod. |
Chef Aid: Behind the Menu | April 29th, 1998 | The Chef Experience[27][28] | A Behind the Music-style promotional video for Chef Aid: The South Park Album, featuring interviews with Flea, Elton John, Meat Loaf, Ozzy Osbourne, and others. Also contains the music video for Master P's single "Kenny's Dead", from the same album. |
Chocolate Salty Balls music video | 1998 | The Complete Second Season[29] The Chef Experience[27] |
Music video for the song "Chocolate Salty Balls (P.S. I Love You)" from Chef Aid: The South Park Album, performed by Isaac Hayes as Chef. |
Kenny's Dead music video | 1998 | The Chef Experience[27][28] | Music video for the Master P single "Kenny's Dead", which is featured on Chef Aid: The South Park Album. Animation, mixed with live action. |
The Dead Friend Sketch | October 5th, 1999 | The Life of Python[30] | A comedic remake of the "Dead Parrot sketch" from Monty Python's Flying Circus. It was featured on the television special Python Night – 30 Years of Monty Python. |
The Gauntlet | June 8, 2000 [31] | Template:TableTBA | A sketch spoofing the movies Gladiator and Battlefield Earth, as well as Scientology, which was produced for the 2000 MTV Movie Awards.[32] |
Eric Cartman NHL videos for the Los Angeles Kings | 2002 | N/A | "A series of promotional videos for the Los Angeles Kings of the NHL at live matches during the 2001–02 NHL season, where Cartman ridicules the mascots of rival teams and reacts to various aspects of the game.[33] |
The AristocratsThe Aristocrats sketch | 2005 | The Aristocrats | Cartman tells the famous dirty joke called "The Aristocrats" to the boys. Featured in the 2005 documentary The Aristocrats. |
Emmys Opening sketch | August 27th, 2006 | 58th Primetime Emmy Awards | Host Conan O'Brien is trying to get to the show, but suddenly appears in Stan's room in an animated form. Stan begins yelling at him as he runs into the nearby closet. Stan calls Randy to help him get Conan to come out of the closet. Immediately following the entrance, he exits the closet and says, "There's someone else in there", referring to Cruise, and leaves the door open. Cruise then pops out and closes the door.[34] |
Lil' Rush | 2007 | Rush: Snakes & Arrows Live[35] | The boys form a music group called "Lil' Rush". Shown as an intro at the concerts of the Canadian rock band Rush on their Snakes & Arrows tour, before their song "Tom Sawyer".[36][37] |
Cartman introduces Colorado football lineup | November 11th, 2007[15] | Template:TableTBA | Cartman introduces the starting offense and defense lineups of the University of Colorado Boulder's Buffaloes, during ABC's coverage of the 2007 match-up between the University of Colorado and the University of Nebraska.[15][38][39] |
Imaginationland: The Movie | March 11th, 2008[40] | South Park – Imaginationland[41] | The eleventh season three-part "Imaginationland" story arc released as a combined direct-to-video film in 2008. Director's cut, including previously unseen scenes. |
The Proust Questionnaire | April 5th, 2008[42] | NPR website[43] | Trey Parker, in character as Cartman, gives answers to the Proust Questionnaire conducted by Julie Rovner of NPR.[44] |
Cartman's life lessons | October 7th, 2008[45] | The Cult of Cartman[46] | Cartman shares a "life lesson" before every episode on The Cult of Cartman compilation DVD.[45] |
Cartman and The Hobbit | December 7th, 2012 | Video Game Awards 2012[47] | The opening scene to the 2012 Video Game Awards, with The Hobbit and the true Grand Wizard... Eric Cartman.[48] |
Music[]
Chef Aid: The South Park Album, a compilation of original songs from the show, characters performing cover songs, and tracks performed by guest artists was released in 1998,[49][50] while Mr. Hankey's Christmas Classics, a compilation of songs performed by the characters in the episode of the same name as well as other Christmas-themed songs was released in 1999,[51] as was the soundtrack to the feature film.[52] The song "Chocolate Salty Balls" (performed by Hayes as Chef) was released as a single in the UK in 1998 to support the Chef Aid: The South Park Album and became a number one hit.[53]
To celebrate the show's 25th anniversary, live Broadway orchestral covers of the series' songs were performed, alongside the release date of the upcoming season.[54][55][56]
On March 16, 2022, a live concert celebrating 25 years of South Park music was announced to take place at the Red Rocks Amphitheatre in Morrison, Colorado on August 10, 2022. On June 7, 2022, a second concert was announced to take place on August 9, 2022.[57] The concert featured appearances by Trey Parker and Matt Stone and music by Primus and Ween.[58] The concert aired as a special on August 13 on Comedy Central, which was the anniversary date of the show's premiere, and again on August 14 on Paramount+.[59]
Video games[]
:See also: South Park video games
Following the early success of the series, three video games based on the series were released by Acclaim Entertainment. A first-person shooter simply titled South Park was released in 1998 for the PC, Nintendo 64, and PlayStation. This was followed in 1999 by South Park: Chef's Luv Shack, a party video game featuring quizzes and mini-games, on the Dreamcast, PlayStation, Nintendo 64, and PC. In 2000, South Park Rally, a racing game, was released on the Dreamcast, PlayStation, Nintendo 64, and PC. Parker and Stone had little to do with the development of these games, apart from providing voice acting, and have publicly criticized Acclaim and the quality of the South Park games they produced.[60][61]
There was a South Park game for the Game Boy Color in development at Acclaim but it was cancelled by Parker and Stone because they thought the game was not right for the system as the main demographic was kids. Parker and Stone have the prototype cartridge of the game, making it the first South Park video game ever made. Only one screenshot was published in Nintendo Power issue 114 in 1998.[62] A ROM file for the game, in a complete state, was leaked online in August 2018.[63]
Another South Park game was in development for the PlayStation 2, Xbox, and GameCube in 2004 but was cancelled for unknown reasons. A prototype of the game was found in an Xbox development kit in 2015.[64][65]
In 2010, the decision was made to form a small group called South Park Digital Studios, which would, among other things, work on creating new South Park games,[66] that would involve the studio and the show's creators more heavily. The first such title is South Park Let's Go Tower Defense Play!, a tower defense game developed by Doublesix, which was released in 2009 for the Xbox Live Arcade service on the Xbox 360 console. Another Xbox Live Arcade game, South Park: Tenorman's Revenge, is a platformer which was released in the spring of 2012.[67] South Park: The Stick of Truth is a role-playing video game that was written by Parker and Stone,[68] and was originally scheduled to be released on March 5, 2013 for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 consoles, and Microsoft Windows.[69] The game was eventually released a year later in March 2014 to positive reviews.[70] A sequel to The Stick of Truth, South Park: The Fractured but Whole, was released in October 2017 with similarly good reception.[71] A mobile game, 'South Park: Phone Destroyer, was released for Android and iOS in November 2017.
Merchandising[]
Merchandising related to the show is an industry which generates several million dollars a year.[72] At the time of the show's premiere, the top-selling specialty T-shirt in the United States was based on South Park, and US$30 million in T-shirt sales was reached during the show's first season.[73][74][75]
A South Park pinball machine was released in 1999 by Sega Pinball.[76] The companies Fun 4 All, Mezco Toyz, and Mirage have produced various South Park action figures, collectibles, and plush dolls.[72]
Comedy Central entered into an agreement with Frito-Lay to sell 1.5 million bags of Cheesy Poofs, Cartman's favorite snack from the show, at Walmart until the premiere of the second half of the fifteenth season on October 5, 2011.[77]
References[]
- ↑ "South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut (1999)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved on October 19, 2008.
- ↑ "South Park – Bigger, Longer and Uncut (1999)". boxofficemojo.com. Retrieved on May 25, 2009.
- ↑ Singer, Jill. "Pop Culture News : News + Notes : Entertainment Weekly", Guinness Book of World Records, ew.com, November 10, 2000. Retrieved on May 28, 2009.
- ↑ Michael, Dennis. "– Entertainment – Raunchy song's creators tuning up for Oscar night", CNN, March 23, 2000.
- ↑ Monfette, Travis Fickett and Christopher (26 February 2008). "South Park: Imaginationland (Uncensored Director's Cut) DVD Review".
- ↑ "Trey Parker on a 'South Park' movie sequel". Retrieved on March 10, 2013.
- ↑ "Will there be another South Park movie?". South Park Studios (March 11, 2010).
- ↑ Richard Corliss (June 23, 2011). "6. South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut, 1999". Time. Archived from the original on June 26, 2011. Retrieved June 23, 2011.Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css must have content model "Sanitized CSS" for TemplateStyles (current model is "Scribunto").
- ↑ "Warner Bros. Gives Up 'Friday the 13th' Rights to Board Christopher Nolan's 'Interstellar'", The Hollywood Reporter, June 6, 2013. Retrieved on June 7, 2013.
- ↑ https://www.ign.com/articles/south-park-deal-includes-14-paramount-plus-movies-a-game-and-season-renewal
- ↑ Reiter, Amy (October 12, 1999). "I want your set".
- ↑ Ortega, Tony. "Sympathy For The Devil: Tory Bezazian was a veteran Scientologist who loved going after church critics. Until she met the darkest detractor of all.", New Times Los Angeles, September 27, 2001.
- ↑ Trey Parker, Matt Stone. The Gauntlet.. MTV, Comedy Central. 2000. Short that aired during the 2000 MTV Movie Awards
- ↑ "HBO Documentary Films: The Aristocrats". HBO. Retrieved on March 27, 2009.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 "Colorado Beats Huskers to Become Bowl Eligible" (November 23, 2007). Retrieved on January 22, 2012.
- ↑ Rovner, Julie (April 5, 2008). "Eric Cartman: America's Favorite Little $@#&*%". NPR.
- ↑ "South Park Tom Sawyer intro live". Rush is a band (October 14, 2010). Retrieved on October 14, 2010.
- ↑ "Hollywood stars are among the most passionate of Kings fans". Los Angeles Kings (May 6, 2012). Retrieved on May 8, 2014.
- ↑ "Stanley Cup Visits South Park". Los Angeles Kings (November 19, 2012).
- ↑ Littlefield, Kinney. "Comedy Central scores with poop and circumstance; Trey Parker and Matt Stone subvert prime-time comedy with the animated satire "South Park"", The Orange County Register, January 28, 1998, p. F04.
- ↑ South Park – The Hits: Volume 1.. Paramount Home Entertainment.
- ↑ "COMEDY CENTRAL Home Entertainment Celebrates 10 Years of 'South Park' With the DVD Release of 'South Park The Hits: Volume 1' (October 3) Featuring Trey Parker and Matt Stone's 10 Favorite Episodes and, for the First Time-Ever, 'The Spirit of Christmas' Animated Short" (Press release). New York: Comedy Central. September 19, 2006. Retrieved January 23, 2012.Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css must have content model "Sanitized CSS" for TemplateStyles (current model is "Scribunto").
- ↑ "Littlefield"
- ↑ 24.0 24.1 Snow, Shauna. "Art and Entertainment reports from The Times, national and international news services and the nation's press", November 19, 1997. “The hit 'South Park' characters will appear on NBC's 'The Tonight Show with Jay Leno' on Thursday, one day after the animated series' original Thanksgiving episode airs on Comedy Central tonight at 10.”
- ↑ South Park – The Complete First Season.. Paramount Home Entertainment.
- ↑ "South Park – The Complete 1st Season DVD Information". TVShowsOnDVD.com.
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 South Park – The Chef Experience.. Warner Bros. Home Video.
- ↑ 28.0 28.1 Cressey, Earl (November 3, 2000). "South Park: The Chef Experience : DVD Talk Review of the DVD Video". DVD Talk.
- ↑ South Park – The Complete Second Season.. Paramount Home Entertainment.
- ↑ The Life of Python.. A&E Home Video.
- ↑ 'South Park – Battlefield Earth spoof – "The Gauntlet".. MTV, Comedy Central. June 8, 2000. At the 2000 MTV Movie Awards
- ↑ Hochman, Steve. "Awards as American as 'Pie' and Other Silliness", June 7, 2000.
- ↑ Riess, Breayle (May 29, 2002). "News: Posted on: 05.29.02.". South Park Studios.
- ↑ "Conan the Destroyer", zap2it.com.
- ↑ Rush: Snakes & Arrows Live.. Zoe.
- ↑ Harrington, Jim. "Fans still rush to see rock trio", August 4, 2007. “Template:Interp near the end of the show Template:Interp a video came on featuring Comedy Central's "South Park" crew as the rocking "Lil' Rush." The cartoon characters launched into a version of "Tom Sawyer" and sounded pretty good, until Cartman — dressed up like Lee — started singing lines that referenced Mark Twain's other famous character, Huckleberry Finn. / "I'm Geddy Lee," Cartman said, unrepentant as always. "I will sing whatever lyrics I want."”
- ↑ "FAQ: What's the story behind the intro for Rush's concerts with 'Lil' Rush'?". South Park Studios (January 17, 2011).
- ↑ "Cartman Introduces the Colorado Buffaloes". FootballsFuture.com.
- ↑ Friedlander, Brett. "Heisman is all about the hype", December 9, 2007. “First, Eric Cartman introduces the starting lineup for the University of Colorado football team on national television. He did, really.”
- ↑ "COMEDY CENTRAL(R) Home Entertainment Releases the Uncensored, Never-Before-Seen Director's Cut of 'South Park's Imaginationland' DVD Hitting Stores on Tuesday, March 11" (Press release). New York: Comedy Central. March 6, 2008.Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css must have content model "Sanitized CSS" for TemplateStyles (current model is "Scribunto").
- ↑ South Park – Imaginationland.. Paramount Home Entertainment.
- ↑ "NPR"
- ↑ "NPR"
- ↑ "NPR"
- ↑ 45.0 45.1 "You Know Him. You Love Him. Now Follow Him. 'South Park: Cult of Cartman' DVD Hits Stores on Tuesday, October 7" (Press release). New York: Comedy Central. October 2, 2008. Retrieved January 15, 2012.Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css must have content model "Sanitized CSS" for TemplateStyles (current model is "Scribunto").
- ↑ South Park – The Cult of Cartman.. Comedy Central.
- ↑ Video Game Awards 2012.. Spike TV.
- ↑ "You don't wanna miss this – #Cartman and The Hobbit, from the epic opening of the 2012 Video Game Awards… : SouthPark". Inagist.com (December 11, 2012).
- ↑ Browne, David. "Shower Hooks", Entertainment Weekly, January 8, 1999. Retrieved on July 24, 2009.
- ↑ Nazareth, Errol. ""Chef" Hayes cooks crazy stew". Canadian Online Explorer.
- ↑ Moorhead, M.V. (December 23, 1999). "Mr. Hankey's Christmas Classics". Retrieved on July 24, 2009.
- ↑ Hartlaub, Peter. "The best movie soundtracks since 'Saturday Night Fever'", www.sfgate.com, September 16, 2007. Retrieved on August 11, 2009.
- ↑ "One Hit Wonders". The Official Charts Company.
- ↑ S, Shilpa (January 17, 2022). "South Park to return for season 25, announces release date in new video". OTTPlay.
- ↑ Dick, Jeremy (January 27, 2022). "South Park Assembles Full Orchestra for New Rendition of 'Kyle's Mom' Song". MovieWeb.
- ↑ "Orchestral Renditions of South Park Songs". Comedy Central (February 25, 2022).
- ↑ "A second night has been added for the South Park 25th Anniversary Concert at Red Rocks on August 9th! If you've previously registered for tickets, please check your email. Tickets go on sale Friday, June 10 at 10am MT.". South Park Studios (June 7, 2022).
- ↑ "Announcing South Park the 25th Anniversary Concert" (Press release). March 16, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022 – via Comedy Central.Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css must have content model "Sanitized CSS" for TemplateStyles (current model is "Scribunto").
- ↑ Ricciardi, Tiney (August 12, 2022). "If you missed the epic 'South Park' concert at Red Rocks, stream in on Aug. 13-14". The Denver Post.
- ↑ "40 Questions". South Park Studios (October 4, 2001).
- ↑ PlayStation 2 Premiere.. shpadoinkle. October 18, 2000. Video on YouTube.
- ↑ "South Park [GBC - Cancelled - Unseen64]". Unseen64: Beta, Cancelled & Unseen Videogames! (5 April 2008).
- ↑ "South Park's Lost, Unreleased Game Boy Color Game Leaks Online".
- ↑
- ↑
- ↑ Benson, Todd (September 18, 2009). "Let's Go Tower Defense Play!: Developer Diaries: Do you have what it takes to save South Park?". South Park Studios.
- ↑ "'South Park' Launches 'South Park: Tenorman's Revenge' Video Game Exclusively on Xbox LIVE Arcade for Spring 2012 Debut" (Press release). Comedy Central. October 13, 2011. Retrieved October 16, 2011.Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css must have content model "Sanitized CSS" for TemplateStyles (current model is "Scribunto").
- ↑ "THQ Joins Forces with South Park Digital Studios on 'South Park: The Game'" (Press release). THQ. December 1, 2011. Retrieved December 2, 2011.Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css must have content model "Sanitized CSS" for TemplateStyles (current model is "Scribunto").
- ↑ "South Park: The Stick of Truth Release Date Set for March". GamesRadar (June 4, 2012). Retrieved on September 1, 2012.
- ↑ "'South Park: The Stick of Truth Delayed" (October 31, 2013). Retrieved on December 30, 2013.
- ↑ "E32015: South Park: The Fractured But Whole Announced" (June 15, 2015). Retrieved on February 29, 2016.
- ↑ 72.0 72.1 Oldenburg, Ann. "Ozzy's new reality: Toys", www.usatoday.com, August 14, 2002. Retrieved on May 27, 2009.
- ↑ Carter, Bill. "Comedy Central makes the most of an irreverent, and profitable, new cartoon hit", The New York Times, November 10, 1997. Retrieved on May 5, 2009.
- ↑ Dennis Lim. "Television: Lowbrow and proud of it", March 29, 1998. Retrieved on May 9, 2009.
- ↑ "Gross And Grosser", Time, March 23, 1998. Retrieved on April 28, 2009.
- ↑ Kushner, David. "It's Still a Mean Pinball, but Video Glitz Is Edging In", www.nytimes.com, August 26, 1999. Retrieved on May 27, 2009.
- ↑ Sellers, John. ""South Park's" Cheesy Poofs snack coming to Walmart", Reuters, July 15, 2011. Retrieved on July 21, 2011.
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